As parents of young children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH), you’re embarking on a unique journey that comes with both challenges and incredible opportunities for growth and connection. Understanding the path ahead can help you make informed decisions and access vital support during these crucial early years of your child’s development.
The Diagnosis Journey
Identifying hearing loss in young children has evolved significantly with advances in medical screening, but challenges still exist. Most hospitals conduct newborn hearing screenings before discharge, which can detect potential hearing issues within days of birth. However, some hearing losses may develop or progress after the newborn period, making ongoing vigilance important.
Common challenges in early diagnosis include:
- Inconsistent responses to sound that may mask hearing loss
- Age-appropriate developmental behaviors that can mimic typical hearing
- Variable access to pediatric audiologists, especially in rural areas
- The need for multiple tests to confirm diagnosis and determine the type and degree of hearing loss
Communication Challenges and Early Intervention
The first five years represent a critical period for language acquisition, making early intervention crucial. Without appropriate support, children who are DHH may experience delays in:
- Language development (both receptive and expressive)
- Social-emotional skills
- Cognitive development
- School readiness
With proper early intervention and support, children who are DHH can develop strong language skills through various communication approaches. Families can consider different communication approaches.
American Sign Language (ASL): ASL provides complete visual access to language and connects children to the rich cultural heritage of the Deaf community. Babies as young as six months can pick up on simple ASL signs, and there are many ways for children and adults to learn ASL.
Listening and Spoken Language: Many children can develop spoken language skills with hearing technology like hearing aids and cochlear implants. This approach requires consistent use of hearing devices and intensive speech-language therapy support.
Total Communication: This flexible approach combines multiple communication methods, including sign language, spoken language, visual aids, and gestures. It allows families to use whatever works best in each situation while ensuring consistent access to language.
Working with Speech-Language Pathologists and Early Intervention Specialists
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and other specialists who focus on communication development will be crucial members of your early intervention team. These professionals bring expertise in both typical language development and specialized strategies for children who are deaf or hard of hearing.
The Role of Speech-Language Pathologists
SLPs working with children who are DHH typically have specialized training in:
- Auditory skill development
- Pre-linguistic communication development
- Speech sound production and intelligibility
- Language acquisition (signed and/or spoken)
- Parent coaching and support strategies
What to Expect in Speech Therapy Sessions
Early intervention sessions often follow a family-centered model, meaning:
- Sessions typically occur in your home or natural environment
- Parents are active participants in the therapy process
- Strategies are designed to integrate into daily routines
- Goals are based on family priorities and concerns
- Progress is regularly monitored and documented
Parent Coaching and Home Practice
Success in early intervention largely depends on how strategies are implemented between sessions. Your SLP will:
- Teach you specific techniques to promote communication
- Help you identify natural learning opportunities throughout your day
- Provide feedback on your interactions with your child
- Suggest modifications to daily routines to maximize language exposure
- Guide you in using any communication devices or visual supports
Building Your Early Childhood Intervention Team
Beyond speech therapy, your early childhood intervention (ECI) team might include:
- Teacher of the Deaf
- Occupational Therapist
- Early Childhood Special Educator
- Social Worker
- Service Coordinator
- Audiologist
Coordinating Care and Services
Managing multiple providers requires organization and clear communication. Consider keeping a notebook for all providers to document sessions, request regular team meetings to ensure coordinated care, and share reports and updates between team members.
Making the Most of Early Intervention Services
To maximize the benefits of early intervention:
- Attend sessions consistently and be actively involved
- Ask questions when you need clarification
- Practice recommended strategies between sessions
- Share your observations and concerns
- Keep track of your child’s progress
- Advocate for additional services if needed
Transitioning Between Services
As your child grows, their needs and services will evolve. The Brighton ECI team works with you to:
- Plan smooth transitions between providers or programs
- Update goals regularly based on progress
- Adjust strategies as your child develops
- Prepare for educational transitions (such as moving to preschool)
- Document successful approaches to share with future providers
Remember that early intervention is a partnership between professionals and families. Your role as a parent is crucial in the intervention process, and you should feel empowered to:
- Share your family’s priorities and concerns
- Ask for clarification or additional support when needed
- Request changes in approach if current strategies aren’t working
- Celebrate progress and achievements with your team
- Build on your child’s strengths and interests
By working closely with your early intervention team and actively participating in the therapy process, you’re helping to create the best possible foundation for your child’s communication development.

Available Resources and Support Systems
Financial Support
Various programs can help with the costs associated with hearing devices and intervention. For example:
- State early intervention programs
- Medicaid and CHIP programs
- Private insurance coverage
- Nonprofit organizations providing financial assistance
- State programs for children with special healthcare needs
Educational Resources
- Parent-infant programs specifically designed for families of children who are DHH
- Deaf mentor programs connecting families with adult members of the Deaf community
- Online ASL learning resources for families
- Parent support groups and organizations
Technology Support
Modern technology offers numerous tools to support communication and development, such as:
- Advanced hearing aids and cochlear implants
- FM systems for improved listening in noisy environments
- Visual alert systems
- Communication apps and educational software
- Video chat platforms for remote ASL communication
Tips for Parents
- Trust your instincts about your child’s needs and development while remaining open to professional guidance.
- Document your child’s progress and keep detailed records of hearing evaluations, early intervention services, and medical appointments.
- Learn about deaf culture and connect with the Deaf community to understand various perspectives and opportunities.
- Take care of your emotional needs through counseling or support groups.
- Celebrate your child’s achievements and focus on their strengths and abilities.
The journey of raising a child who is deaf or hard of hearing presents unique challenges, but it also offers opportunities for deep connection and growth. Many parents report that while the initial diagnosis period feels overwhelming, they eventually develop confidence in supporting their child’s unique needs. With appropriate early intervention, support, and resources, children who are DHH can thrive and develop strong foundations for future success.
For more information and support, contact:
- National Association of the Deaf (nad.org)
- Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (agbell.org)
- Hands & Voices (handsandvoices.org)
- Texas Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (TEHDI) Program
Remember, you’re not alone on this journey. Brighton’s Early Childhood Intervention program can provide the support, education, and guidance needed in these early years. Our Special Education Support Specialists can then help families prepare for the elementary classroom. Contact us today and let us know how we can partner with you.